Understanding London's Climate Challenges
London, Ontario experiences a humid continental climate with distinct seasons that each present unique challenges for masonry structures. From freeze-thaw cycles to humidity fluctuations, these climate factors can significantly impact the longevity and integrity of brick and stone homes.
Winter: The Freeze-Thaw Cycle
The Science Behind the Damage
London's winters feature temperatures that frequently fluctuate above and below freezing, creating the perfect conditions for freeze-thaw damage:
- Water penetrates small cracks and porous materials
- When temperatures drop below freezing, this water expands by approximately 9%
- The expansion creates pressure within the masonry
- Repeated cycles gradually widen cracks and cause spalling
Most Vulnerable Areas
During winter, pay special attention to:
- Chimney tops and caps exposed to all weather elements
- North-facing walls that receive less sunlight and stay colder longer
- Areas near downspouts where water concentration is higher
- Horizontal surfaces like window sills and parapet walls where snow can accumulate
Spring: Heavy Rainfall and Ground Movement
Moisture Management Challenges
London's spring brings significant rainfall, affecting masonry through:
- Increased ground saturation that can cause foundation movement
- Higher humidity levels that drive moisture into porous materials
- Rapid temperature changes that stress masonry joints
- Accelerated growth of moss and algae on damp surfaces
Foundation Concerns
Spring conditions particularly affect foundations because:
- Soil expands as it absorbs spring rainfall
- This expansion can exert pressure on foundation walls
- Clay soils common in parts of London are especially prone to expansion
- Improper drainage compounds these issues
Summer: Heat Expansion and UV Exposure
Thermal Movement
London's hot, humid summers create different challenges:
- Masonry materials expand in heat and contract in cooler evening temperatures
- This daily cycle creates stress on mortar joints
- Dark-colored masonry absorbs more heat, experiencing greater expansion
- Sudden summer thunderstorms can rapidly cool hot masonry, causing stress
UV Degradation
Extended sun exposure affects:
- Mortar color fading, particularly in tinted or colored mortars
- Breakdown of sealants and waterproofing compounds
- Deterioration of historic pigments in decorative masonry
- Accelerated aging of repair materials
Fall: Preparing for Winter
Critical Maintenance Period
Fall is the ideal time for masonry maintenance because:
- Moderate temperatures provide optimal conditions for mortar curing
- Lower humidity allows masonry to properly dry before winter
- It's the last chance to address issues before freeze-thaw cycles begin
- Repairs completed in fall have maximum time to cure before severe weather
Fall Inspection Checklist
Before winter arrives, inspect these critical areas:
- Chimney caps and crowns for cracks or deterioration
- Mortar joints, especially on north and west-facing walls
- Caulking around windows, doors and other penetrations
- Drainage systems to ensure water flows away from foundations
Year-Round Protection Strategies
Protecting your masonry home in London's climate requires a proactive approach:
- Schedule annual professional inspections to catch issues early
- Address water management with proper gutters, downspouts, and grading
- Use only breathable, masonry-appropriate sealers when necessary
- Work with masonry specialists familiar with local climate challenges
- Consider seasonal maintenance plans tailored to London's weather patterns
At 519 Trough & Exterior, we understand how London's unique climate affects masonry structures. Our climate-specific approach ensures your brick and stone home remains beautiful and structurally sound through every season. Contact us for a comprehensive assessment and customized maintenance plan.